5G Network Architecture Overview

5G Network Architecture Overview: With 5G mobile communication being available all over the world around 2020, the industry has begun to develop a clear perspective to include the main challenges, opportunities and key technology components.The whole world is growing rapidly towards the 5G network.I think 2020 is the last time frame for 5G networks because some countries has already started the 5G network in their cities. According to China, the speed of 5G network is 100 times better than 4G. What changes can be made in the mobile network to provide 5G services?This is also important to know about it.

5G network service represents a development and revolution of mobile technologies that reaches various high-level goals.To provide the 5G network services will be not easy, there will be countless challenges and also opportunities emerging for the engineering community. 5G network services can be widely looking as the generation of wireless.While 5G is usually seen in such techniques that distribute ultrabroadband services including HD and UltraHD video streaming.What will be the change in mobile network for this, we will discuss this.

5G Network Services

5G Network Architecture

5G Wireless Mobile Network

All over the world approx 60-70% telecommunication network works on wireless technology. Today, MW transmission wide dominates the mobile network backhaul, where it connects approximately 60 percent of all macro base stations. MW will play a key role in last mile access network and a complementary role the aggregation part of the network.

In the coming years, microwave capacity devices for 5G mobile networks will be developed and enhanced, and will be used in combination with the capacity of 10 Gbps and beyond. Spectrum is seen as the lifespan of the cellular industry and the spectrum in the heritage cellular band (sub-6 GHz) can not support the rapidly growing demand in the coming years.

The 5G network architecture segment is likely to operate on very high frequencies (possibly millimeter waves) and will probably adopt new air interface technologies which are not backward compatible for LTE. Radio link bonding in microwave is similar to carrier aggregation in LTE and is an important tool to support sustained traffic growth, because a high proportion of microwave hops is deployed with many carriers.

The frequency bands going to proposed among the key player of telecom industries include higher frequency bands such as 10 GHz, 28 GHz, 32 GHz, 43 GHz, 46 GHz - 50 GHz, 56 GHz - 76 GHz, and 81 GHz - 86 GHz. However, these bands are currently in proposal stage and hope that there is a lot to be done to complete the channel modeling before discussing radio system definitions and standards. 5G is still in its infancy, there will be a lot of work to do to complete channel modeling, radio architecture definition, and finally chip-set development. However, some trends and requirements already agree and problems can be solved which will lead to the last 5G network architecture system.

Let's assume that there is a 5G access system on microwave and millimeter wave frequencies. One of the major obstacles to implementing radio access at microwave frequency is overcoming adverse propagation characteristics. On these level of frequencies, radio wave diffusion is strongly influenced by atmospheric attenuation, rain, obstruction (buildings, people, foliets), and reflections.Microwave point-to-point links are deployed for many years but this is usually the line of sight systems. The fact that they are stable makes the link manageable, and the systems have been developed in recent years, which support much more throughput using the higher order modulation schemes. This technology continues to evolve and we will take advantage of the microwave link technologies access to 5G.

At the beginning of the cycle, it has been acknowledged that adaptive beam-forming will be required to overcome the diffusion challenges for the access system. Unlike point-to-point systems, Beam-forming will need to be adapted to give the user and environment the payload to the user.It is generally agreed in the telecom industry that the Hybrid MIMO system (Multiple Input Multiple output) will be used in microwave and low millimeter wave band, while in the V-bands and E- bands. Where the bandwidth is abundant - the system will probably employ beam-forming to reach the required throughput targets.

Microwave bands consider for 5G Network

Microwave Technology for 5G network

Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) 

Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) is a updated and mature technology in telecommunication industry that is used to increase spectral efficiency in 3GPP and Wi-Fi radio access, MIMO also provides a cost-effective way to boost the capacity and throughput where the available spectrum is limited.

To solve the problems, microwave technology has been working from the beginning, according to needs new frequency bands have been made available and the technology has been continuously developed to meet the capacity requirements. For the 5G Mobile Backhaul, MIMO at microwave frequencies is very important and best technology that offers an effective way to further improve spectrum efficiency and so the available transport capacity.

Contrary to traditional 'MIMO systems', that is based on reflections process in the environment for the 5G mobile backhaul, channels are' engineers' in point-to-point microwave MIMO systems for optimum performance.It is achieved by installing antennas with a spatial separation that is hop distance and frequency-dependent.

In NIMO principle capacity improve linearly with the number of antenna (expansion of hardware). Construction of NIMO system depends upon the using N transmitter and M receivers. We can say that there are no limit of N and M. But antennas should be spatially separated, there is a practical limit depending on the tower height and environment. Due to this reason 2×2 antennas is the most feasible type of MIMO system. Overall MIMO will be a very useful tool for scaling microwave capacity further, but is still at an early phase.

While this is a brief perspective on the challenges for the 5G microwave industry, there are infinite opportunities to bring RF innovations in the coming years.

MIMO coding is done in digital section with digital radio processing. Various data streams feeding the antenna system may be crowded with processed MIMO paths in the digital section. For each data stream, the DAC converts the signal into analog based on the base architecture or the selected architecture corresponding to the IF frequency. The signal is centrally centered and the component is divided into component RF paths to feed the different antenna. In each RF path, the signal is processed to determine the gain and phase to make the beam from the antenna.

We can say that it is an exciting time to be in RF sector of telecommunication and also in the wireless industry. 5G network is just beginning and there is much work ahead of us to realize commercial 5G radio networks by 2020.

In the high fiber penetration areas like China, Korea, Japan and America, large-scale 5G volume deployments are initially expected. Even China already launched the 5G network commercially. 5G network also launched in Chicago and working properly.

Network Optimization for 5G 

Network optimization is also a very important part for the 5G network. 5G network also require the features like super high performance (SHP) antennas and automatic transmit power control (ATPC).Which will require a lot of network optimization.

SHP antennas very effectively suppress the interference through very low sidelobe radiation patterns. ATPC enables automatic reducing the transmitted power during the favorable transmission conditions, effectively reducing the interference in the network. Using these features reduces the number of required frequency channels in the network and can provide 70 percent more network capacity per channel. Infact the use of ATPC features in the network level will reduce the impact from interference.

Telecom Industries around the world are crazy behind providing 5G network services. Like China has already announced that 5G network services launched and the users of 5G network services in China is saying that speed of 5G network is 100 times better than 4G. 5G network services have also started in Chicago too, and people say that the speed of 5G is good.How long does the whole world color the color of the 5G network, it will be a thing to look forward to.